Database Systems

Formal Query Language is a programming language based on relational algebra and relational calculus used to request and extract information from databases.

Normalization is the process of grouping data elements into tables that represent entities and their relationships.

An entity-relationship model is a network representing the arrangement of stored system data in an abstract way. The model consists of entities and relationships between those entities.

A set of concepts for describing data, relationships between data, data meaning (semantics), and data constraints.

A database that represents data in tables, where the tables are connected by the same/common values in related columns.

Database systems are critically important in the development of software engineering, and databases serve as the foundation for information systems and fundamentally change how many organizations operate.